Python Basics

Variables: Storing Information

• Variables are containers that store data. Think of them as labeled boxes.
• Example:
• `name = 'Ahmed'`
• `age = 25`
• `salary = 50000`
• No need to declare types—Python is smart and figures it out automatically!

Data Types: Different Kinds of Information

• String (text): `name = 'Pakistan'` – Always use quotes
• Integer (whole numbers): `age = 30`
• Float (decimal numbers): `price = 99.99`
• Boolean (True/False): `is_student = True`
• You can check type with: `print(type(age))` → Shows `<class 'int'>`

Basic Operators

• Math Operators:
• `+` (add), `-` (subtract), `*` (multiply), `/` (divide), `%` (remainder)
• Example: `total = 100 + 50` → `total` is now 150
• Comparison Operators:
• `==` (equal), `!=` (not equal), `>` (greater), `<` (less)
• Example: `age > 18` → Returns `True` or `False`

Getting User Input

• Use `input()` to ask users for information:
• `name = input('What is your name? ')`
• `print('Hello, ' + name)`
• Note: `input()` always returns text. To get numbers, convert them:
• `age = int(input('Enter your age: '))`

Print Output

• Display information using `print()`:
• `print('Hello!')` → Simple text
• `print('My age is', age)` → Mix text and variables
• `print(f'My name is {name} and I am {age} years old')` → F-strings (modern way)